Publications
* : Corresponding Author, ‡ : These authors contributed equally to this work
2025-2026
Samir Hossainy, Seounghun Kang, J. Emailiano Gomez Medellin, Aaron T. Alpar, Kirsten C. Refvik, Yvonne Yoyo Ma, Ivan Vuong, Kevin Chang, Thomas Wang, Ani Solanki, Stuart J. Rowan, and Jeffrey A. Hubbell* “Thermoreversibly assembled polyersomes for highly efficient loading processing and delivery of protein and siRNA biologics” Nat. Biomed. Eng., 2025, 10, 427-444
Seounghun Kang‡, Nan Li‡, Shinya Wai, Yahao Dai, Ani Solanki, Yang Li, Joseph Strzalka, Michael J. V. White, Songsong Li, Yun-Hi Kim, Jeffrey A. Hubbell*, and Sihong Wang* “Immune-compatible designs of semiconducting polymers for bioelectronics with suppressed foreign-body response” Nat. Mater., 2025, 17, 1-9
Seounghun Kang‡, Nan Li‡, Shinya Wai, Yahao Dai, Ani Solanki, Yang Li, Joseph Strzalka, Michael J. V. White, Songsong Li, Yun-Hi Kim, Jeffrey A. Hubbell*, and Sihong Wang* “Immune-compatible designs of semiconducting polymers for bioelectronics with suppressed foreign-body response” Nat. Mater., 2025, 17, 1-9
2023-2024
Seounghun Kang, Aslan Mansurov, Trevin Kurtanich, Hye Rin Chun, Anna J. Slezak, Lisa R. Volpatti, Kevin Chang, Thomas Wang, Aaron T. Alpar, Kirsten C. Refvik, O. Isabella Hansen, Gustavo J. Borgas, Brendan T. K. Berg, Ha-Na Shim, Kevin T. Hultgren, Suzana Gomes, Yue Wang, Ani Solanki, Jun Ishihara, Melody A. Swartz, and Jeffrey A. Hubbell* “Engineered GM-CSF polarizes pro-tumorigenic tumor-associated macrophages to an anti-tumorigenic phenotype and potently synergizes with IL-12 immunotherapy” Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, 2024, 12, e009541
Seounghun Kang, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Se-Youl Chae, Hongje Jang*, and Dal-Hee Min* “Pt-Te-Nanorod-Based Photothermal Chemokine Immunotherapy for All Stages of Cancer via Adaptive and Innate Immunity” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 37555-37568
Hojeong Shin, Seounghun Kang, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “A Single-Dose mRNA Vaccine Employing Porous Silica Nanoparticles Induces Robust Immune Responses Against the Zika Virus” Adv. Sci., 2024, 15, e240459
Seounghun Kang, Aslan Mansurov, Trevin Kurtanich, Hye Rin Chun, Anna J. Slezak, Lisa R. Volpatti, Kevin Chang, Thomas Wang, Aaron T. Alpar, Kirsten C. Refvik, O. Isabella Hansen, Gustavo J. Borjas, Ha-Na Shim, Kevin T. Hultgren, Suzana Gomes, Ani Solanki, Jun Ishihara, Melody A. Swartz, and Jeffrey A. Hubbell* “Engineered IL-7 synergizes with IL-12 immunotherapy to prevent T cell exhaustion and promote memory without exacerbating toxicity” Sci. Adv., 2023, 9, eadh9879
Hojeong Shin, Seounghun Kang, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “Enhanced Local Delivery of Engineered IL-2 mRNA by Porous Silica Nanoparticles to Promote Effective Antitumor Immunity” ACS Nano, 2023, 17, 17554-17567
Nan Li, Yang Li, Zhe Cheng, Youdi Liu, Yahao Dai, Seounghun Kang, Songsong Li, Naisong Shan, Shinya Wai, Aidan Ziaja, Yunfei Wang, Joseph Strzalka, Wei Liu, Cheng Zhang, Xiaodan Gu, Jeffrey A. Hubbell, Bozhi Tian, and Sihong Wang* “Bioadhesive polymer semiconductors and transistors for intimate biointerfaces” Science, 2023, 381, 686-693
Yang Li, Nan Li, Wei Liu, Aleksander Prominski, Seounghun Kang, Yahao Dai, Youdi Liu, Huawei Hu, Shinya Wai, Shilei Dai, Zhe Cheng, Qi Su, Ping Cheng, Chen Wei, Lihua Jin, Jeffrey A. Hubbell, Bozhi Tian, and Sihong Wang* “Achieving tissue-level softness on stretchable electronics through a generalizable soft interlayer design” Nat. Commun., 2023, 14, 4488
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Subean Kim, and Hongje Jang* “Peroxidase-Mimicking Ir-Te nanorods for Photoconversion-Combined Multimodal Cancer Therapy” Nanomaterials, 2023, 13, 1706
Hojung Ahn‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Kyungtae Kang, Do Nam Lee, Dal-Hee Min, and Hongje Jang* “Rod-to-sphere elemental reconstruction of biocompatible Ag2Te-Ag4.53-Te3 nanoparticles for triple negative breast cancer photo-nano-therapy” J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 5142-5150
Hojeong Shin‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Se-Youl Chae, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “Development of a cancer nanovaccine to induce tumor antigen-specific immune responses” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15, 13860-13868
Seounghun Kang, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Se-Youl Chae, Hongje Jang*, and Dal-Hee Min* “Pt-Te-Nanorod-Based Photothermal Chemokine Immunotherapy for All Stages of Cancer via Adaptive and Innate Immunity” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 37555-37568
Hojeong Shin, Seounghun Kang, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “A Single-Dose mRNA Vaccine Employing Porous Silica Nanoparticles Induces Robust Immune Responses Against the Zika Virus” Adv. Sci., 2024, 15, e240459
Seounghun Kang, Aslan Mansurov, Trevin Kurtanich, Hye Rin Chun, Anna J. Slezak, Lisa R. Volpatti, Kevin Chang, Thomas Wang, Aaron T. Alpar, Kirsten C. Refvik, O. Isabella Hansen, Gustavo J. Borjas, Ha-Na Shim, Kevin T. Hultgren, Suzana Gomes, Ani Solanki, Jun Ishihara, Melody A. Swartz, and Jeffrey A. Hubbell* “Engineered IL-7 synergizes with IL-12 immunotherapy to prevent T cell exhaustion and promote memory without exacerbating toxicity” Sci. Adv., 2023, 9, eadh9879
Hojeong Shin, Seounghun Kang, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “Enhanced Local Delivery of Engineered IL-2 mRNA by Porous Silica Nanoparticles to Promote Effective Antitumor Immunity” ACS Nano, 2023, 17, 17554-17567
Nan Li, Yang Li, Zhe Cheng, Youdi Liu, Yahao Dai, Seounghun Kang, Songsong Li, Naisong Shan, Shinya Wai, Aidan Ziaja, Yunfei Wang, Joseph Strzalka, Wei Liu, Cheng Zhang, Xiaodan Gu, Jeffrey A. Hubbell, Bozhi Tian, and Sihong Wang* “Bioadhesive polymer semiconductors and transistors for intimate biointerfaces” Science, 2023, 381, 686-693
Yang Li, Nan Li, Wei Liu, Aleksander Prominski, Seounghun Kang, Yahao Dai, Youdi Liu, Huawei Hu, Shinya Wai, Shilei Dai, Zhe Cheng, Qi Su, Ping Cheng, Chen Wei, Lihua Jin, Jeffrey A. Hubbell, Bozhi Tian, and Sihong Wang* “Achieving tissue-level softness on stretchable electronics through a generalizable soft interlayer design” Nat. Commun., 2023, 14, 4488
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Subean Kim, and Hongje Jang* “Peroxidase-Mimicking Ir-Te nanorods for Photoconversion-Combined Multimodal Cancer Therapy” Nanomaterials, 2023, 13, 1706
Hojung Ahn‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Kyungtae Kang, Do Nam Lee, Dal-Hee Min, and Hongje Jang* “Rod-to-sphere elemental reconstruction of biocompatible Ag2Te-Ag4.53-Te3 nanoparticles for triple negative breast cancer photo-nano-therapy” J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 5142-5150
Hojeong Shin‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Se-Youl Chae, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “Development of a cancer nanovaccine to induce tumor antigen-specific immune responses” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15, 13860-13868
2021-2022
Seounghun Kang‡, Gyeonghye Yim‡, Se-Youl Chae, Subean Kim, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Young-Kwan Kim*, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Rhodium-Tellurium Nanorod Synthesis Using Galvanic Replacement-Polyol Regrowth for Thermo-Dynamic Dual-Modal Cancer Phototherapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 40513-40521
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Se-Youl Chae, Euisuk Chung, Tai-Kyong Song, Ji Hun Park*, Changhan Yoon*, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Precursor heterogeneity driven Mo-Te nanoparticle structural diversification for cancer photo-theranostics” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 9987-10000
Seounghun Kang‡,Namgook Kwon‡, Kyunglee Kang, Hojung Ahn, Sunbum Kwon, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Synthesis of gold nano-mushroom by solvent-controlled galvanic replacement for enhancing phototherapeutic efficiency” Nanoscale, 2022, 13, 1409-1420
Aslan Mansurov, Peyman Hosseinchi, Kevin Chang, Abigail L Lauterbach, Laura T Gray, Aaron T Alpar, Erica Budina, Anna J Slezak, Seounghun Kang, Shijie Cao, Ani Solanki, Suzana Gomes, John-Michael Williford, Melody A Swartz, Juan L Mendoza, Jun Ishihara*, and Jeffrey A Hubbell* “Masking the immunotoxicity of interleukin-12 by fusing it with a domain of its receptor via a tumour-protease-cleavable linker” Nat. Biomed. Eng., 2022, 6, 819-829
Se-Youl Chae‡, Euihwan Jeong‡, Seounghun Kang, Yaejee Yim, Jin-Soo Kim*, and Dal-Hee Min*, “Rationally designed nanoparticle delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein for effective gene editing” J. Control. Release, 2022, 345, 108-119
Jun Kim, Seounghun Kang, Kyoung Won Kim, Myeonggang Heo, Dae-In Park, Joon Hyung Lee, Nam Ju Lim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Cheolhee Won* “Nanoparticle delivery of recombinant IL-2 (BALLkine-2) achieves durable tumor control with less systemic adverse effects in cancer immunotherapy” Biomaterials, 2022, 280, 121257
Seounghun Kang‡, Gyeonghye Yim‡, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Wavelength Independent Photo-Chemo Tri-Modal Combinatorial Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy with Biocompatible Gold-Titania Nanostars” Advanced Therapeutics, 2022, 5, 2100204
Seounghun Kang‡, Yeong-Gyu Gil‡, Gyeonghye Yim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Osmium-Tellurium Nanozymes for Pentamodal Combinatorial Cancer Therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 44124-44135
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Se-Youl Chae, Euisuk Chung, Tai-Kyong Song, Ji Hun Park*, Changhan Yoon*, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Precursor heterogeneity driven Mo-Te nanoparticle structural diversification for cancer photo-theranostics” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 9987-10000
Seounghun Kang‡,Namgook Kwon‡, Kyunglee Kang, Hojung Ahn, Sunbum Kwon, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Synthesis of gold nano-mushroom by solvent-controlled galvanic replacement for enhancing phototherapeutic efficiency” Nanoscale, 2022, 13, 1409-1420
Aslan Mansurov, Peyman Hosseinchi, Kevin Chang, Abigail L Lauterbach, Laura T Gray, Aaron T Alpar, Erica Budina, Anna J Slezak, Seounghun Kang, Shijie Cao, Ani Solanki, Suzana Gomes, John-Michael Williford, Melody A Swartz, Juan L Mendoza, Jun Ishihara*, and Jeffrey A Hubbell* “Masking the immunotoxicity of interleukin-12 by fusing it with a domain of its receptor via a tumour-protease-cleavable linker” Nat. Biomed. Eng., 2022, 6, 819-829
Se-Youl Chae‡, Euihwan Jeong‡, Seounghun Kang, Yaejee Yim, Jin-Soo Kim*, and Dal-Hee Min*, “Rationally designed nanoparticle delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein for effective gene editing” J. Control. Release, 2022, 345, 108-119
Jun Kim, Seounghun Kang, Kyoung Won Kim, Myeonggang Heo, Dae-In Park, Joon Hyung Lee, Nam Ju Lim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Cheolhee Won* “Nanoparticle delivery of recombinant IL-2 (BALLkine-2) achieves durable tumor control with less systemic adverse effects in cancer immunotherapy” Biomaterials, 2022, 280, 121257
Seounghun Kang‡, Gyeonghye Yim‡, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Wavelength Independent Photo-Chemo Tri-Modal Combinatorial Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy with Biocompatible Gold-Titania Nanostars” Advanced Therapeutics, 2022, 5, 2100204
Seounghun Kang‡, Yeong-Gyu Gil‡, Gyeonghye Yim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Osmium-Tellurium Nanozymes for Pentamodal Combinatorial Cancer Therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 44124-44135
2019-2020
Seounghun Kang‡, Yeong-Gyu Gil‡, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Nonrecurring circuit nanozymatic enhancement of hypoxia pancreatic cancer phototherapy by speckled Ru-Te hollow nanorods” ACS Nano, 2020, 14, 4383-4394
Seounghun Kang‡, Jun Kim‡, Minchul Ahn, Jungho Kim, Myeonggang Heo, Cheolhee Won*, and Dal-Hee Min* “An RNAi nanotherapy for fibrosis: highly durable knockdown of CTGF/CCN-2 by using siRNA-DegradaBALL (LEM-S401) to treat skin fibrotic diseases” Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 6385-6393
Seounghun Kang, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Environmental-Friendly synthesis of Au-Te clustered nanoworms via galvanic replacement for wavelength-selective combination cancer therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 5511-5519
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Hyungjun Kim, Young-Jin Kim, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Modus operandi of Bi-Te simultaneous covering formation from precursor heterogeneity for multi-potent cancer theranostics” Adv. Funct. Mater., 2020, 30, 1907203
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Chan Yeon Kim‡, Seounghun Kang, Dal-Hee Min, Kyungtae Kang*, and Hongje Jang* “Intrinsic Peroxidase-Mimeicking Ir nanoplates for Nanozymatic Anticancer and Antibacterial Treatment” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 41062-41070
Se-Jin Park, Jungho Kim, Seounghun Kang, Hyung Jin Cha, Hojeong Shin, Jisang Park, Yong-Suk Jang, Jae-Sung Woo, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “Discovery of direct-acting antiviral agents with a graphene-based fluorescent nanosensor” Sci. Adv., 2020, 6, eaaz8201
Seounghun Kang, Kyunglee Kang, Ari Chae, Young-Kwan Kim, Hongje Jang*, and Dal-Hee Min* “Fucoidan-coated coral-like Pt nanoparticles for computed tomography-guided highly enhanced synergistic anticancer effect against drug-resistant breast cancer cells” Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 15173-15183
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Hydrothermal Galvanic-Replacement-Tethered Synthesis of Ir-Ag-IrO2 Nanoplates for Computed Tomography-Guided Mutiwavelength Potent Thermodynamic Cancer Therapy” ACS Nano, 2019, 13, 3434-3447
Seong Min Ahn, Seounghun Kang, and Dal-Hee Min* “Direct Monitoring of Cancer-Associated mRNAs in Living Cells to Evaluate the Therapeutic RNAi Efficiency Using Fluorescent Nanosensor” ACS Sensor, 2019, 4, 1174-1179
Seounghun Kang‡, Jun Kim‡, Minchul Ahn, Jungho Kim, Myeonggang Heo, Cheolhee Won*, and Dal-Hee Min* “An RNAi nanotherapy for fibrosis: highly durable knockdown of CTGF/CCN-2 by using siRNA-DegradaBALL (LEM-S401) to treat skin fibrotic diseases” Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 6385-6393
Seounghun Kang, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Environmental-Friendly synthesis of Au-Te clustered nanoworms via galvanic replacement for wavelength-selective combination cancer therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 5511-5519
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Hyungjun Kim, Young-Jin Kim, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Modus operandi of Bi-Te simultaneous covering formation from precursor heterogeneity for multi-potent cancer theranostics” Adv. Funct. Mater., 2020, 30, 1907203
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Chan Yeon Kim‡, Seounghun Kang, Dal-Hee Min, Kyungtae Kang*, and Hongje Jang* “Intrinsic Peroxidase-Mimeicking Ir nanoplates for Nanozymatic Anticancer and Antibacterial Treatment” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2020, 12, 41062-41070
Se-Jin Park, Jungho Kim, Seounghun Kang, Hyung Jin Cha, Hojeong Shin, Jisang Park, Yong-Suk Jang, Jae-Sung Woo, Cheolhee Won, and Dal-Hee Min* “Discovery of direct-acting antiviral agents with a graphene-based fluorescent nanosensor” Sci. Adv., 2020, 6, eaaz8201
Seounghun Kang, Kyunglee Kang, Ari Chae, Young-Kwan Kim, Hongje Jang*, and Dal-Hee Min* “Fucoidan-coated coral-like Pt nanoparticles for computed tomography-guided highly enhanced synergistic anticancer effect against drug-resistant breast cancer cells” Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 15173-15183
Gyeonghye Yim‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Hydrothermal Galvanic-Replacement-Tethered Synthesis of Ir-Ag-IrO2 Nanoplates for Computed Tomography-Guided Mutiwavelength Potent Thermodynamic Cancer Therapy” ACS Nano, 2019, 13, 3434-3447
Seong Min Ahn, Seounghun Kang, and Dal-Hee Min* “Direct Monitoring of Cancer-Associated mRNAs in Living Cells to Evaluate the Therapeutic RNAi Efficiency Using Fluorescent Nanosensor” ACS Sensor, 2019, 4, 1174-1179
2017-2018
Seounghun Kang‡, Woojun Shin‡, Myung-Ho Choi, Minchul Ahn, Young-Kwan Kim, Seongchan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Morphology-controlled synthesis of Rhodium nanoparticles for cancer therapy” ACS Nano, 2018, 12, 6997-7008
Yeong-Gyu Gil‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Ari Chae, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Synthesis of porous Pd nanoparticles by therapeutic chaga extract for highly efficient tri-modal cancer treatment” Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 19810-19817
Seounghun Kang‡, Yu Lim Hong‡, Bon-Cheol Ku, Seunghyun Lee, Dal-Hee Min, Hongje Jang*, and Young-Kwan Kim* “Eco-friendly synthesis of reduced graphene oxide by using fucoidan as a multifunctional agent for the combinational cancer therapy” Nanotechnology, 2018, 29(47), 475604
Seounghun Kang‡, Woojun Shin‡, Kyunglee Kang, Myung-Ho Choi, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Revisiting of Pd nanoparticles in cancer treatment: all-round excellence of porous Pd nanoplates in gene-thermo combinational therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 13819-13828
Jong-Hwan Lee, Seounghun Kang, Mincheol Ahn, Hongje Jang*, and Dal-Hee Min* “Development of dual-pore coexisting branched silica nanoparticles for efficient gene-chemo cancer therapy” Small, 2018, 14, 1702564
Seounghun Kang‡, Kyunglee Kang‡, Hyun Huh, Hyungjun Kim, Sung-Jin Chang, Tae Jung Park, Ki Soo Chang, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Reducing agent-assisted excessive galvanic replacement mediated seed-mediated synthesis of porous gold nanoplates and highly efficient gene-thermo cancer therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, 9, 35268-35278
Yeong-Gyu Gil‡, Seounghun Kang‡, Ari Chae, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Synthesis of porous Pd nanoparticles by therapeutic chaga extract for highly efficient tri-modal cancer treatment” Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 19810-19817
Seounghun Kang‡, Yu Lim Hong‡, Bon-Cheol Ku, Seunghyun Lee, Dal-Hee Min, Hongje Jang*, and Young-Kwan Kim* “Eco-friendly synthesis of reduced graphene oxide by using fucoidan as a multifunctional agent for the combinational cancer therapy” Nanotechnology, 2018, 29(47), 475604
Seounghun Kang‡, Woojun Shin‡, Kyunglee Kang, Myung-Ho Choi, Young-Jin Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Revisiting of Pd nanoparticles in cancer treatment: all-round excellence of porous Pd nanoplates in gene-thermo combinational therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 13819-13828
Jong-Hwan Lee, Seounghun Kang, Mincheol Ahn, Hongje Jang*, and Dal-Hee Min* “Development of dual-pore coexisting branched silica nanoparticles for efficient gene-chemo cancer therapy” Small, 2018, 14, 1702564
Seounghun Kang‡, Kyunglee Kang‡, Hyun Huh, Hyungjun Kim, Sung-Jin Chang, Tae Jung Park, Ki Soo Chang, Dal-Hee Min*, and Hongje Jang* “Reducing agent-assisted excessive galvanic replacement mediated seed-mediated synthesis of porous gold nanoplates and highly efficient gene-thermo cancer therapy” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, 9, 35268-35278